Sudio dello strato limite planetario costiero con strumenti da remote sensing - parallelo tra Ahtopol sul Black Sea e Lamezia Terme sul Mediterraneo

Responsabili di progetto

Annamaria Sempreviva, Ekaterina Batchvarova

Accordo

BULGARIA - BAS - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Bando

CNR/BAS 2013-2015

Dipartimento

Terra e Ambiente

Area tematica

Scienze del sistema Terra e tecnologie per l'ambiente

Stato del progetto

Nuovo

Proposta di ricerca

Present state of knowledge in the field, significance and objectives of the joint research:
Coastal areas are traditionally highly populated, industrialized with connection to marine traffic, industries and tourism. In all these important sectors for the economics and society, meteorology is playing important role in several ways: 1) the climate conditions define the human comfort and hazard events; 2) the anthropogenic activities influence the air quality, the coastal meteorology and the coastal area in the sea and on land; 3) meteorological hazard events, such as storms in winter and high ozone concentrations in summer affect directly human well being.
The meteorological science based on observations, modelling and forecast is of great importance and practical use in coastal areas. While in Northern Europe and US a considerable research funding is directed to meteorological and climate studies in coastal areas (Reckermann et al, 2012; Griesbaum et al, 2008; Bianco et al, 2012) with applications in: 1) improved forecasts of weather, air quality, waves and hazards; 2) assessments of renewable energy resources; 3) improved urban and industrial planning; Southern Europe and South Eastern Europe in particular are remaining behind. 
All applications require dedicated atmospheric boundary layer studies based on high resolution in space and time monitoring in order to provide data for evaluation of mesoscale models performance. Monitoring data are also needed for validation of existing and possibly to develop improved parameterizations of the boundary layer processes. As research funding for capacity building is highly demanding, one way of gaining additional value is the collaboration among scientific groups, sharing experience, data and performing common work in order to strengthen the European Research Area (ERA).
In 2005 the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), opened a section in the Calabrian Region at the coastal site of at Lamezia Terme to undertake research in coastal meteorology with advanced remote sensing techniques to monitor the vertical structure of the coastal boundary layer and to provide ISAC modelers with databases for evaluating model performance in such areas, (Ref papers AMS).
Since 2008 at Ahtopol a Scintec sodar operates under Bulgarian – Russian collaboration between the meteorological offices. This equipment started a valuable observation programme of the coastal boundary layer at the Bulgarian Black Sea shoreline (Barantiev et al, 2011, Batchvarova et al, 2012a and 2012b, Novitky et al, 2012). 
The groups from Lamezia Terme and NIMH are conducting research and international cooperation through national and European research projects and networks, but are not directly involved together in a funded research project. 
Common participation is now achieved within the COST ES1002 WIRE Action devoted to renewable energy studies. 
The two coordinators have known each other for more than twenty years and have been working in parallel issues. Now they take the step to apply for an official collaboration under the present collaboration programme between Italy and Bulgaria. 
The present bilateral project will contribute to:  1) exchange information and experience in running state of the art meteorological measurements, modelling and data analysis;  2) common studies on the parallel between the meteorological and climate conditions of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea;  3) widening the networks in which each group participates with the networks of the other – for example, the Lamezia Terme group will benefit from the Bulgarian-Russian cooperation and the NIMH group from the European networks and projects at CNR-ISAC.

To secure successful implementation, a workshop will be organised in Bulgaria during the first year to plan details of the collaboration including: 
 1) Common research topics based on the monitoring programmes with emphasis on the structure of the coastal boundary layer and the ability of mesoscale models to simulate them;  2) Scientific plans for the exchange visits of senior staff and PhD students;  3) Participation of the PhD students in summer schools through the existing projects and networks of the two groups;  4) Exchanging experience in organising intensive experimental campaigns along with monitoring programmes at both stations in the 2nd year of the present project;  5) Presenting joint work in conferences and peer reviewed papers.
The scientific problems which will be investigated are:  
1) Vertical structure and inland horizontal extend of the marine breeze circulation at Ahtopol and Lamezia Terme based on measurements with remote sensing and eddy correlation instruments;  
2) Interaction of the sea breeze with complex topography at the sites; 
3) Meso-scale modelling of the two regions for typical sea breeze events; and 4) Rrenewable energy assessments for both sites.
The expected novelty of the results is concentrated in the achievement of new knowledge on the atmospheric processes in the coastal boundary layer at both sites based on parallel comparisons between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Background of cooperation and envisaged results and benefit:
The present project is appropriate and has potential for success and scientific achievements based on the following important facts:  
1) The groups are of similar size, operate similar equipment in coastal areas, meet the same challenges in securing funding for these valuable observation programmes;  
2) The atmospheric processes at both sites are similar and the investigation methods used are the same;  
3) There is need of international collaboration for the groups in order to ensure additional training of the PhD students in international environment and tracing the road for their networking skills in future;  
4) Based on the collaboration, a synergy between the groups and their existing networks will be achieved, which will create high additional value of the collaboration. 

Relation to other projects (partners, titles, duration, and funding):
COST Action ES1002 WIRE – Weather Intelligence for Renewable Energy (2010 – 2014) – funding for management committee and working groups meetingsNIMH-Roshydromet collaboration – investment in sodar and exchange of scientific visits; 
I-AMICA, “Infrastructure – Amica” (2012-2015) is funded by the Italian Ministry of Education and Research to adapt and strengthen the infrastructure system in the so-called "Convergence Regios “ of EU in order to promote and develop structures and equipments as sensors, tools, integrated platforms and mobile environmental stations, for monitoring the climate and the environment within the Mediterranean Area. Partners are 5 CNR Institutes.
SIGIEC, - Sistema di Gestione Integrato per l’Erosione Costiera- Integrated Management System for the Coastal Erosion, Funded by the Italian Ministry of Education and Research within the framework of the Operative National Plan 2007-2013 for the convergence regions. 
Both groups collaborate with DTU Wind Energy, Danish Technical University – within the Wind Energy Department where the state of the art remote sensing technology in atmospheric boundary layer and wind energy resource assessments are exploited.

References
Barantiev D, Novitsky M, Batchvarova E, 2011: Meteorological observations of the coastal boundary layer structure at the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, Adv. Sci. Res., 6, 251-259, 2011.Batchvarova E, Barantiev D, and Novitzky M, 2012a: Coastal boundary layer wind profile based on SODAR data – Bulgarian contribution to COST Action ES0702, online conf proc (ref 1128), ISARS 2012, 5 – 8 May 2012, Boulder, CO, USABatchvarova E, Barantiev D, and Novitzky M, 2012b: Sodar wind profile at the Black Sea coast in Bulgaria, online conf proc (ref 2502886),  9th ISTP,  3-7 September 2012, l’Aquila, Italy. Bianco L., Djalalova, I. V., King, C. W. & Wilczak J. M., 2012: Diurnal Evolution and Annual Variability of Boundary-Layer Height and Its Correlation to Other Meteorological Variables in California's Central Valley, Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 140 (3), 491–511.Griesbaum M., 2008: An EC FP7 Programme Mapping the North Irish and Baltic Seas. WindTECH International October 2008Novitskii M A, Kulizhnikova L K, Kalinicheva O Yu, Gaitandjiev D, Barantiev D, Batchvarova E, Krasteva K, 2012:  Characteristics of wind speed and wind direction in atmospheric boundary layer on the southern coast of Bulgaria, Meteorologia i hydrologia, ISSN 0130-2906, 2012, No. 3, 20 – 27.Reckermann, M., K. Brander, B.R. MacKenzie, A. Omstedt (Eds.), 2012: Climate Impacts on the Baltic Sea: From Science to Policy, Series: Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg , 2012. 216 p.E. Avolio, S. Federico, A. M. Sempreviva, C. R. Calidonna, L. De Leo, C. Bellecci. Preliminary Meteorological Results of a Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation Technique in Southern Italy. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences (ACS), 2011, 1, 134-141.Furevik BR, Sempreviva AM, Cavaleri L. Lefevre J.M, Transerici C: 2011, Eight years of Wind Measurements from Scatterometer for Wind Resource Mapping in the Mediterranean Sea  Wind Energy Volume 14, Issue 3, pages 355–372, April 2011Barthelmie, R. J., Sempreviva,  A. M., and Pryor S. C. : The influence of humidity fluxes on offshore wind speed profiles. Ann. Geophys., 28, 1043-1052, 2010.Federico S. , Pasqualoni, L., Sempreviva A.M. , De Leo L., Avolio E., Calidonna C. R., and Bellecci C. The seasonal characteristics of the breeze circulation at a coastal Mediterranean site in South Italy, Adv. Sci. Res., 4, 47-56, 2010. www.adv-sci-res.net/4/47/2010/ doi:10.5194/asr-4-47-2010.Sempreviva, A. M., Schiano, M. E., Pensieri, S., Semedo, A., Tomé, R., Bozzano, R., Borghini, M., Grasso, F., Soerensen, L. L., Teixeira, J., and Transerici, C. (2010): Observed development of the vertical structure of the marine boundary layer during the LASIE experiment in the Ligurian Sea, Ann. Geophys., 28, 17-25, 2010 
 Keywords (up to 4):
 Coastal areas, Boundary layer meteorology, Remote sensing instruments, Energy applications.

Obiettivi della ricerca

The objectives of the project are 
1) To exchange information and experience in running state of the art meteorological measurements, modelling and data analysis with reference to coastal areas issues;
 2) To perform joint studies on coastal area meteorology based on  the parallel between the meteorological and climate conditions of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea 
 3) To widen the networks in which each group participates with the networks of the other – for example, the Lamezia Terme group will benefit from the Bulgarian-Russian cooperation and the NIMH group from the European networks and projects at CNR-ISAC.
 
 

Ultimo aggiornamento: 08/06/2025